On The Farm: Keep an eye out for FMD in livestock
By ERIC ZIMMERMAN
Special to the Eagle.com
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a severe, highly infectious viral disease of cloven-hooved animals. Although usually not fatal, it causes suffering and lowers the animal’s commercial value by reducing its weight and milk output.
Cattle, swine, sheep, goats and deer are highly susceptible and may exhibit signs of infection after an incubation period of only one to eight days. In sheep and goats, the incubation period may be longer and, in some cases, the disease may go undetected. FMD is not a zoonotic disease. The disease survives in lymph nodes and bone marrow at a neutral pH, but after death it is destroyed in muscle when the pH is less than six (rigor mortis). There are at least seven types and several subtypes of the FMD virus. An animal that is immune to one subtype is not immune to other types.
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